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Chronology of discoveries U.S.

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1831 Discovery of chloroform
Chloroform is a compound chemicals known as trihalomethanes which do not undergo combustion in air, but it will burn when mixed with more flammable substances. Chloroform was discovered in July 1831 by Samuel Guthrie American physician, irrespective few months later by the French chemist Eugne Soubeiran, then by the German chemist Justus von Liebig.
1859 Discovery of petroleum jelly
Petroleum jelly, petrolatum or soft paraffin is a mixture semi-solid hydrocarbons originally promoted as a salve for its healing properties. The raw material for petroleum jelly was discovered in 1859 by Robert Chesebrough, a chemist from New York. In 1870, this product has been labeled as Vaseline petroleum jelly.
1873 Discovery chemical potential
In thermodynamics, physics and chemistry, chemical potential, symbolized by, is a term introduced by the American engineer, chemist, and mathematical physicist Josiah Gibbs in his 1873 paper a method of geometric representation of the thermodynamic properties of the body through surfaces.
1877 Discovery of Deimos
Deimos is the smaller and outer two moons of Mars. It was discovered by Asaph Hall in 1877.
1877 Discovery Phobos
Phobos is the larger and closer of Mars' two small moons. It was discovered by Asaph Hall in 1877.
1891 Discovery of Amalthea
Amalthea is the third moon of Jupiter in the order of the distance of the planet. It was discovered September 9, 1892, by Edward Emerson Barnard.
Discovered in 1899 by Phoebe
Phoebe is an irregular satellite of Saturn. It was discovered by William Henry Pickering March 17, 1899 photographic plates taken from August 16, 1898 in Arequipa, Peru by Delisle Stewart.
1908 Discovery of Seyfert galaxies
Seyfert galaxies are a class of galaxies with nuclei that produce greenhouse gas emissions from highly ionized spectral lines, named after Carl Seyfert Keenan, astronomer who first identified the class in 1943 but they were first discovered by Edward A. Fath in 1908 when he was at the observatory Lick.
1910 Discovery of propane
Propane is a three-carbon alkane, normally a gas, but compressible to a liquid transportable. It is derived other petroleum products during oil or natural gas processing. It is commonly used as fuel for engines, barbecues, portable stoves and residential heating. Propane was first identified as a volatile component of gasoline by Dr. Walter O. Snelling of the U.S. Bureau of Mines in 1910.
1912 Discovery of smoking cancer link
Dr. Isaac Adler was the first to strongly suggest that lung cancer is related to smoking 1912.
1914 Discovery of Sinope
Sinop is a retrograde irregular satellite of Jupiter discovered by Seth Barnes Nicholson at the observatory Lick in 1914.
1915 Discovery of the Zener diode
A Zener diode is a type of diode which allows current in the forward direction like a normal diode, but also in the sense Conversely if the voltage exceeds the breakdown voltage known as "Zener voltage elbow" or "Zener voltage". The device was named after Clarence Zener, who discovered this electrical property.
1916 Discovery of the covalent bond
Idea covalent bond can be traced for several years to Gilbert N. Lewis, who in 1916 described the sharing of pairs of electrons between atoms. It introduces Lewis said the notation or electron dot notation or Lewis dot structure in which the valence electrons are represented by points around atomic symbols.
1916 Discovery of Heparin
Heparin, a highly sulfated glycosaminoglycan, is widely used as an anticoagulant injection and has the highest negative charge density of any known biological molecule. It can also be used to form an inner surface anticoagulant various experiments and medical devices such as test tubes and renal dialysis machines. It was discovered by Jay McLean and William Henry Howell in 1916.
1917 Discovery of Vitamin A
Vitamin A, a molecule formed with bi-polar bi-polar covalent bonds between carbon and hydrogen, is related to a family of molecules of the same shape, retinoids, which complete the rest of the vitamin sequence. Its significance is the group Retinol, found in many forms. In foods of animal origin, the main form of vitamin A is an ester, especially retinyl palmitate, which is converted to an alcohol in the small intestine. Vitamin A can also exist as an aldehyde, or as an acid. The discovery of vitamin A from Research 1906, indicating that factors other than carbohydrates, proteins and fats are necessary to keep cattle healthy. In 1917, one of these substances has been independently discovered by Elmer McCollum at the University of Wisconsinadison, and Lafayette Mendel and Thomas Osborne Yale University.
1925 Discovery of Cepheids
extragalactic astronomy is the branch of astronomy concerned with objects outside the Milky Way. In other words, the study of all astronomical objects which are not covered by astronomy Galactic. It was launched by Edwin Hubble, where in 1925 he discovered the existence of Cepheid variables in the Andromeda galaxy. This discovery proved the existence of a galaxy more than a million light years, and therefore extragalactic astronomy has been created.
1930 Discovery of Pluto
After the discovery of Neptune in 1846, there was much speculation that another planet can exist beyond its orbit. The research began in the mid-19th century, but peaked in the early 20th century with a quest for the Planet X Percival Lowell proposed the Planet X hypothesis to explain the apparent discrepancies in the orbits of gas giants, particularly Uranus and Neptune, speculating the gravity of a large unseen planet could have perturbed Uranus is sufficient to account for irregularities. The Discovery of Pluto by Clyde Tombaugh in 1930 initially appeared to validate the hypothesis of Lowell, and Pluto was considered the ninth planet until 2006.
1,931 Discovery of heavy hydrogen
heavy hydrogen stable isotope of hydrogen with a natural abundance in the oceans of the Earth about one hydrogen atom in 6500 (~ 154 ppm). It was predicted in 1926 by Walter Russell and later discovered in 1931 by Harold Urey.
1931 Discovery of cosmic radio waves
Radio astronomy is a subfield of astronomy that studies celestial objects at frequencies radio. While trying to track down a source of electrical interference on telephone transmissions, Karl Guthe Jansky at Bell Telephone Laboratories discovered radio waves emanating from stars in space while investigating static that interfered with transmissions on short wave transatlantic voice. Thus, the field of radio astronomy was born.
1932 Discovery of the positron
The existence of positrons was first postulated in 1928 by Paul Dirac as a consequence of the Dirac equation and later discovered in 1932 by Carl D. Anderson, who gave the positron its name.
1932 Discovery of homeostasis
Homeostasis is the property of a system, whether open or closed, which regulates the environment house in order to maintain a stable, constant condition. It was first proposed and invented by Walter Bradford Cannon, a former professor and Chairman, Department of Physiology at Harvard Medical School, and was popularized in his book The wisdom of the body.
1933 Discovery of the water heavy
Harold Urey discovers deuterium isotopes in 1931 and was then able to concentrate in the water. Urey mentor Gilbert Newton Lewis isolated the first VHW sample by electrolysis in 1933.
1933 Discovery of polyvinylidene chloride
polyvinylidene chloride is a polymer derived from vinylidene chloride. Its use can be found in the water based coatings, production of household goods and products industry. Ralph Wiley, a Dow Chemical lab worker, accidentally discovered polyvinylidene chloride in 1933.
1936 Discovery of elliptical galaxies
A elliptical galaxy is a galaxy with a substantially elliptical shape and a smooth brightness profile almost flat. They range in shape from nearly spherical to very flattened and the size of hundreds of millions to over a trillion stars. It was described by Edwin Hubble in 1936 his work that nebulous realm of
1936 Discovery of the muon
The muon is an elementary particle like the electron, negative electric charge and a rotation of 12. It was discovered by Carl D. Anderson and Seth Neddermeyer Henry in 1936 when they studied the cosmic radiation.
1936 Discovery of vitamin E
Tocopherol a class of chemical compounds, many of which have an activity of vitamin E, describes a series of organic compounds consisting of various methylated phenols. During the feeding experiments on rats Herbert McLean Evans concluded in 1922 that, in addition to vitamins B and C, a vitamin known existed. While all other Nutrition was present, the rats are not fertile. This condition could be amended by supplementary feeding with wheat germ. It took several years until 1936 when the substance was isolated from wheat germ and C29H50O2 formula was determined by Herbert McLean Evans and KS Bishop. The structure was determined shortly after in 1938.
1936 Discovery of thiopental sodium
Sodium thiopental, better known under sodium pentothal, sodium thiopental or trapanal, is a rapid-onset short-acting barbiturate. It was discovered in early 1936 Ernest H. Volwiler and Donalee L. Tabern while working for Abbott Laboratories.
1937 Discovery of niacin
Niacin, also known as vitamin B3 is a water soluble vitamin that prevents the deficiency disease pellagra. Niacin was extracted from liver by Conrad Elvehjem, who later discovered the ingredient active, then called "pellagra preventive" factor and the factor "anti-blacktongue."
1937 Discovery of K-electron capture
Electron capture is a decay mode for isotopes that occur when there are too many protons in the nucleus of an atom and insufficient energy to emit a positron. However, there continues to be a mode of decay of radioactive isotopes that are viable decay by emission tomography. K-electron capture was discovered by Luis Alvarez, who demonstrated in 1937 and indicated in Physical Review in April 1938.
1938 Discovery of fluoropolymer
A fluoropolymer is a fluorocarbon polymer with multiple obligations carbonluorine strong. It is characterized by a high resistance to solvents, acids and bases. Fluoropolymers were discovered in 1938 by Dr. Roy Plunkett when he Tetrafluoroethylene accidentally polymerized to form polytetrafluoroethylene.
1938 Discovery of the echolocating animals
Echolocation, also called sonar, is the biological sonar used by several animals such as dolphins, shrews, bats and whales. The term was coined by Donald Griffin and Robert Galambos, who discovered its use by bats in 1938.
Discovered in 1938 by Carme
Carme is a retrograde irregular satellite Jupiter. It was discovered by Seth Barnes Nicholson at Mount Wilson Observatory in California in July 1938.
1938 Discovery Lysithea
Lysithea is a prograde irregular satellite of Jupiter. It was discovered by Seth Barnes Nicholson in 1938 at the Mount Wilson Observatory.
1943 Discovery of streptomycin
Streptomycin is an antibiotic, the first in a class of drugs called aminoglycosides to be discovered, and was the first remedy against tuberculosis to antibiotics. Streptomycin can not be administered orally because it must be administered by intramuscular injection regularly. In 1943, Albert Schatz discovered streptomycin.
1945 Discovery of Promethium
Promethium is a chemical element whose existence was predicted by Bohuslav Brauner in 1902. It was first produced and proved that there is at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) in 1945 by Jacob A. Mariinsky, Lawrence E. Glendenin and Charles D. Coryell by separation and analysis of the fission products of uranium fuel irradiated in graphite reactors.
1948 Discovery of warfarin
Warfarin is an anticoagulant and pesticides. It was first used as a pesticide, but was later found to be effective and relatively safe for the prevention of thrombosis and embolism in many disorders and is currently the world's most widely used an anticoagulant. It was discovered by Karl Paul Link and chemists at the University of Wisconsinadison.
1948 Discovery Miranda
Miranda is the smallest and most intimate five moons of Uranus main. He was discovered by Gerard Kuiper on February 2, 1948 at McDonald Observatory.
1948 Discovery serotonin
Serotonin is a monoamine neurotransmitter synthesized in serotonergic neurons in the central nervous system (CNS) and cells enterochromaffin in the gastrointestinal tract of animals, including humans. It was isolated and named in 1948 by Maurice Rapport, Arda Green, and Irvine Page the Cleveland Clinic.
1948 Discovery of the tetracycline
Tetracycline is a broad-spectrum polyketide antibiotic indicated for use against many bacterial infections. It is commonly used to treat acne today, and has played a historic role in the eradication cholera in the developed world. It was discovered by Benjamin Minge Duggar in 1948.
1949 Discovery of Nereid
Nereid, also known as the Neptune II, is a moon of Neptune. Nereid was discovered by May 1, 1949 Gerard P. Kuiper, who proposed the name in the report its discovery. It is named after the Nereids, sea nymphs of Greek mythology.
1951 Discovery of barium stars
Barium stars are G class K giants whose spectra show an overabundance of elements of the process by the presence of singly ionized barium, Ba II 455.4 nm. Barium stars also show spectral characteristics of reinforced carbon strips molecules CH, CN and C2. The class was recognized and defined by William and Philip Keenan Bidelman.
1951 Discovery Ananke
Ananke retrograde irregular satellite is a Jupiter. It was discovered by Seth Barnes Nicholson at Mount Wilson Observatory in 1951.
1952 Discovery of rapid eye movements
Fast movement Eye (REM) sleep is a normal stage of sleep characterized by rapid eye movements. REM sleep is classified into two categories: tonic and phasic. The phenomenon of REM sleep and its association with dreaming was discovered by Nathaniel Kleitman and Eugene Aserinsky with the help of William C. Dement, a medical student at the time, in 1952, during their tenure at the University of Chicago. Kleitmann and the seminal article Aserinsky was published September 10, 1953.
1953 Discovery of DNA structure
In 1953, based on images of X-ray diffraction and information that the bases were paired, James D. Watson, with Francis Crick discovered what is now widely recognized as the first model of the double helix precise structure of DNA.
1955 Discovery of the antiproton
The antiproton is the antiparticle of the proton. It was discovered by the University of California, Berkeley physicists Thomas Ypsilantis, Emilio Segre, Clyde Wiegand and Owen Chamberlain in 1955.
1956 Discovery of porous silicon
porous silicon (PSI) is a form of chemical element silicon which has introduced a nanoporous holes in the microstructure, making a large surface / volume of the order of 500m2/cm3. It was discovered by accident in 1956 at Bell Labs by Arthur Uhlir, Jr. and Ingeborg Uhlir.
1956 Discovery of the kaon
A kaon is part of a group of four mesons distinguished by the fact that they carry a quantum number called strangeness. It was discovered by Leon Lederman and a group scientists from Columbia University, Brookhaven National Laboratory.
1956 Discovery antineutron
The antineutron is the antiparticle of the neutron. A antineutron has the same mass as the neutron, and no net electrical charge. However, it is different from a neutron is composed of antiquarks, rather that quarks. It was discovered by Bruce Cork, Wenzell William Glenn Lambertson and Oreste Piccioni in 1956.
1956 Discovery of the neutrino
Neutrinos are elementary particles that travel near the speed of light, the absence of an electric charge, are able to move through ordinary matter almost undisturbed and are thus extremely difficult to detect. The neutrino was postulated by Wolfgang Pauli in 1930 and later discovered in 1956 by Clyde Cowan, Frederick Reines, FB Harrison, HW Kruse and AD McGuire.
Discovery of 1956 nucleic acid hybridization
Hybridization, found by Alexander Rich and David R. Davies in 1956, is the process of merging complementary single-stranded nucleic acids in a single molecule.
1958 Discovery of the Van Allen radiation belt
The radiation belt Van Allen is a torus of energy of charged particles around Earth, held in place by the magnetic field land. Towards the sun, it is compressed, because the solar wind and the other side, he is lying about three Earth radii. This creates a hollow cavity called the Chapman Ferraro, whose radiation belts Van Allen resident. The existence of the belt has been confirmed by the Explorer 1 and Explorer 3 missions in early 1958, under the direction of James Van Allen at the University of Iowa.
1959 Discovery of antiproton
The antiproton is the antiparticle of the proton. It was discovered in 1955 by the University of California, Berkeley physicist Owen Chamberlain and Emilio Segre for which they won the 1959 Nobel Prize in Physics.
1960 Discovery of seafloor spreading
Seafloor spreading occurs on mid-ocean ridges, where new oceanic crust is formed by volcanic activity and then gradually moves away from the ridge. Seafloor spreading helps explain continental drift in the theory of plate tectonics. It was first proposed by Harry Hammond Hess and Robert Dietz Sinclair in 1960.
1961 Discovery of eta meson
The eta meson is a meson composed of a mixture of quarks up, down quark, strange quark, quarks and antiquarks. It was discovered by a team from the University of California, Berkeley using the Bevatron.
1964 Discovery xi baryon
In particle physics, subatomic particles (Xi) is the name given to a range of baryons with one up or down and two quarks Quark heavy. They are sometimes called the cascade of particles due to their unstable, they decay quickly into lighter particles through a chain disintegration. The first discovery of the particle Xi was at Brookhaven National Laboratory in 1964.
1964 Discovery cosmic background radiation microwave
In cosmology, the cosmic microwave background radiation CMB is a form of electromagnetic radiation filling the universe. The discovery of the CMB in 1964 by astronomers Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson was the culmination of work undertaken in the 1940s, earning Nobel Prize in 1978.
1964 Discovery quark
A quark is a type of elementary particle into nucleons and other subatomic particles. They are an important constituent of matter, with leptons. The quark model has been applied independently by the physicist Murray Gell-Mann in 1964.
1964 Discovery of Hepatitis B
The Hepatitis B was discovered in 1965 by Baruch Blumberg, while working at the National Institutes of Health.
1965 Discovery of aspartame
Aspartame is the name of artificial sweetener, non-saccharide ester aspartyl-phenylalanine-1-methyl, methyl ester is a dipeptide of the amino acid phenylalanine and acidsaspartic. Aspartame was discovered in 1965 by James M. Schlatter, a chemist working for GD Searle & Company. Schlatter synthesized aspartame in the context of producing anti-ulcer drug candidate.
1965 Discovery of pulsations white dwarfs
A white dwarf is a star animated white dwarf whose luminosity varies with non-radial pulsations of gravity waves in himself. The first white dwarf pulsation was discovered by Arlo U. Landolt when he observed in 1965 and 1966 that the brightness of HL Tau 76 varied with a period of about 12.5 minutes.
1968 Discovery of the up quark
The up quark is a first generation quark with a charge of + (2 / 3) e. The existence of up quarks was first postulated when Murray Gell-Mann and George Zweig developed the quark model in 1964, and the first evidence for them has been found in deep scattering experiments inelastic in 1968.
1968 Discovery of the bottom quark
The quark quark Down is a first generation with a load of 13 years. It is the second lightest, of all six quarks, the lightest being the up quark. Down quarks are most often found in nucleons. The proton contains a down quark and two up quarks, while that contain neutron two down quarks and one up quark. Down quarks have been theorized by Murray Gell-Mann and George Zweig when they discovered the quark model in 1968.
1969 Discovery Mosher acid
Mosher acid, or acid-methoxytrifluorophenylacetic discovered by Harry S. Mosher in 1969, is a carboxylic acid which was first been used as a chiral derivitizing.
1969 Discovery of interstellar formaldehyde
Interstellar formaldehyde was discovered in 1969 by Lewis Snyder, David Buhl, B. Zuckerman and Patrick Palmer, using the National Radio Astronomy Observatory. Formaldehyde was detected using the 111-110 to the basic level of rotation to 4830 MHz.
1970 Discovery of the reverse transcriptase
In biochemistry, a reverse transcriptase, also known as DNA RNA-dependent polymerase is an enzyme that transcribes DNA single-stranded RNA polymerase in DNA double strand. It was discovered by Howard Temin at the University of Wisconsinadison, and independently by David Baltimore in 1970 at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
1974 Discovery of the J / meson
The J / is a subatomic particle, a meson composed of quarks neutral flavor and a charm anti-charm quark. Mesons formed by a bound state of charm and Quark anti-charm quark are generally known as "charmonium". His discovery was made independently by two research groups, one at Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, led by Burton Richter, and Brookhaven National Laboratory, led by Samuel Ting at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. They accidentally discovered that they had found the same particle, and both announced their findings November 11, 1974.
Discover the charm quark in 1974
The charm quark is a second generation quark with an electric charge of +23 e. It is the third most massive of quarks, about 1.5 GeV/c2 and about a year and a half times the mass of the proton. It has been predicted in 1964 by Sheldon Glashow and James Bjorken and Lee first observed in November 1974 with the discovery simultaneous J / charm | J meson / particles at the Stanford Linear Accererator Center by a group led by Burton Richter and Brookhaven National Laboratory by a group directed by Samuel CC Ting.
1974 Discovery of the binary pulsar
A binary pulsar is a pulsar binary with a companion, often another pulsar, white dwarf or star neutron. The first binary pulsar, PSR 1913 +16 pulsar or "Hulse-Taylor binary" was discovered at Arecibo in 1974 by Joseph Hooton Taylor, Jr. and Russell Hulse, for which they won the 1993 Nobel Prize in Physics.
1974 Discovery of Leda
Leda is prograde irregular satellites of Jupiter. It was discovered by Charles T. Kowal at Palomar Observatory September 14, 1974.
1975 Discovery Themisto
Themisto is a small prograde satellites Jupiter's irregular. It was discovered by Charles T. Kowal and Elizabeth Roemer in 1975.
1976 Discovery of D mesons
D mesons are the lightest particles containing charm quarks. They are often studied to learn about the weak interaction. Since the D-meson is the lightest mesons containing a charm quark, we must change the charm quark into another quark to decay. D mesons were discovered in 1976 during experiments to Mark I Stanford Linear Accelerator Center.
1977 Discovery of the tau
The tau is a negatively charged elementary particle with a lifetime of 2.91013 s and a mass of 1777 MeV/c2. It has been detected in a series of experiments between 1974 and 1977 by Martin Lewis Perl with colleagues at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.
1977 Discovery of Uranian rings
The planet Uranus has a ring system of intermediate complexity between the wider around Saturn and simple systems around Jupiter and Neptune. The rings of Uranus were discovered March 10, 1977, James L. Elliot, Edward W. Dunham, and Douglas J. Mink. Over 200 years ago, William Herschel also reported the observation of the rings, but modern astronomers are skeptical that it could actually due notice them because they are very dark and pale.
1977 Discovery of the upsilon meson
Meson upsilon meson is a tasteless formed of a quark and its antiparticle. It was discovered by the E288 collaboration, led by Leon Lederman at Fermilab in 1977, and was the first particle containing a bottom quark to be discovered because it is the lightest that can be produced without other massive particles. He an average life of 1.211020 seconds and a mass of about 10 GeV.
1977 Discovery of the bottom quark
The bottom quark is a third generation quark with a charge of 13e. The bottom quark was discovered by the E288 experiment at Fermilab in 1977, when the collision occurred bottomonium.
1978 Discovery restriction endonucleases
A restriction enzyme is an enzyme that cuts double-stranded or single-stranded DNA at specific sequences of nucleotides recognition called restriction sites. These enzymes, in bacteria and archaea, are thought to have evolved to offer a defense mechanism against invading viruses. Inside a bacterial host, restriction enzymes selectively cut foreign DNA in a process called restriction; host DNA is methylated by a modified enzyme to protect the activity of restriction enzymes. The Nobel Prize in Medicine was awarded in 1978, Daniel Nathans, Werner Arber and Hamilton Smith for the discovery of restriction endonucleases.
1978 The discovery of Charon
Charon, discovered by James W. Christy on June 22, 1978, while working at the Naval Observatory United States is the largest moon of Pluto a dwarf planet.
1979 Discovery of the Métis
Metis is the deepest moon of Jupiter. It was discovered in 1979 by Stephen Synnott in images taken by Voyager 1.
1979 Discovery of Thebe
Thebe is the fourth moon of Jupiter by distance from the planet. It was discovered by Stephen Synnott in images from the Voyager 1 spacecraft, taken March 5, 1979, while in orbit around Jupiter.
1979 Discovery of Jupiter's rings
Jupiter has a ring system, known as the rings of Jupiter and the Jovian ring system. It was the third ring system to be discovered in the Solar System after Saturn and Uranus and was first observed in 1979 by the Voyager 1 spacecraft.
1980 Discovery Pandora
Pandora is a satellite of Saturn internally. It was discovered in 1980 from photos taken by Voyager 1, and has been provisionally designated S/1980 S 26.
1980 Discovery of Prometheus
Prometheus is a satellite of Saturn within which was discovered in 1980 from photographs taken by Voyager 1. It was provisionally designated S/1980 S 27.
1980 Discovery Atlas
Atlas is a moon of Saturn that has was discovered in 1980 by Richard Terrile from Voyager photos and was designated S/1980 S 28.
1981 Discovery Larissa
Larissa also known as Neptune VII, is the fifth closest domestic satellite of Neptune. It was discovered by Harold J. Reitsema, William B. Hubbard Larry A. Lebofsky and David J. Tholen based on fortuitous stellar occultation observations on the ground May 24, 1981, and given the temporary designation S/1981 N 1, have been announced May 29, 1981.
1985 Discovery Puck
Puck is a satellite of Uranus' interior. It was discovered in December 1985 by the probe Voyager 2.
1986 Discovery Portia
Portia is a satellite of Uranus interior. It was discovered from images taken by Voyager 2 January 3, 1986 and was given the temporary designation S/1986 U 1.
1986 Discovery Juliet
Juliette is an inner satellite of Uranus. It was discovered from images taken by Voyager 2 3 January 1986 and was given the temporary designation S/1986 U 2.
1986 Discovery Cressida
Cressida is a domestic satellite of Uranus. It was discovered from images taken by Voyager 2 January 9, 1986 and was given the temporary designation S/1986 U 3.
Discovered in 1986 by Rosalind
Rosalind is an inner satellite of Uranus. It was discovered from images taken by Voyager 2 13 January 1986 and was given the temporary designation S/1986 U 4.
Discovered in 1986 by Belinda
Belinda is an inner satellite of Uranus. It was discovered from images taken by Voyager 2 January 13, 1986 and was given the temporary designation S/1986 U 5.
1986 Discovery of Desdemona
Desdemona is an inner satellite of Uranus. It was discovered from images taken by Voyager 2 13 January 1986 and was given the temporary designation S/1986 U 6.
Discovered in 1986 by Cordelia
Cordelia is the satellite Uranus' interior. It was discovered from images taken by Voyager 2 20 January 1986 and was given the temporary designation S/1986 U 7.
1986 Discovery of Ophelia
Ophelia is an inner satellite of Uranus. It was discovered from images taken by Voyager 2 on January 20 1986 and has had the temporary designation S/1986 U 8.
1986 Discovery Bianca
Bianca is an inner satellite of Uranus. It was discovered from images taken by Voyager 2 23 January 1986 and was given the temporary designation S/1986 U 9.
1989 Discovery of Neptune's rings
Neptune's rings were discovered in 1989 by Voyager 2.
1989 Discovery Proteus
Proteus, also known as Neptune VIII, is Neptune's largest Domestic satellite. Proteus was discovered from images taken by Voyager 2 at Neptune in 1989 overflight.
1989 Discovery of Despina
Despina, also known as Neptune V, is the third satellite in the nearest house Neptune. Despina was discovered at the end of July 1989 from images taken by Voyager 2. He received the temporary designation S/1989 N 3.
1989 Discovery of Galatea
Galatea, also known as Neptune VI, is The fourth satellite in the nearest house Neptune. Galatea was discovered at the end of July 1989 of the images taken by Voyager 2. He had the designation Temporary S/1989 N 4.
1989 Discovery Thalassa
Thalassa, also known as Neptune IV, is the second satellite of Neptune interior. He was discovered shortly before mid-September 1989, images taken by Voyager 2. He had the temporary designation S/1989 N 5.
1989 Discovery Naiad
Naiad, also known as Neptune III, is the inner moon of Neptune. It was discovered shortly before mid-September 1989, images taken by Voyager 2. The last moon to be discovered during the survey, he was designated S/1989 N 6.
1995 Discovery of top quark
The top quark is the third generation up-type quark with a charge of + (2 / 3) e. It was discovered in 1995 by the CDF and D0 experiments at Fermilab and is the most massive known elementary particle.
1995 Discovery of Comet Hale-Bopp
Comet Hale-Bopp was probably the most widely observed comet of the twentieth century, and one of the brightest seen for many decades and it is visible to the naked eye for a record 18 months old when he passed near the planet Earth. Hale-Bopp was discovered by Alan Hale and Thomas Bopp on July 23, 1995 at a great distance from the Sun, raising expectations that the comet would brighten considerably when it passed near the Earth. Although predicting the brightness of comets with any degree of accuracy is very difficult, Hale-Bopp met or exceeded most forecasts in its perihelion passage on April 1, 1997.
1998 Discovery of the embryonic stem cell line
A breakthrough in research on embryonic stem cells came in November 1998 when a group led by Dr. James Thomson of the University of Wisconsinadison first discovered a technique to isolate and cultivate cells derived from human blastocysts, could one day lead to great advances in medicine organ transplantation and gene therapy and treatment of diseases such as paralysis, diabetes, cancer and AIDS.
2001 Discovery interstellar vinyl alcohol
Between May and June 2001, astronomers Apponi AJ and Barry Turner discovered vinyl alcohol in the molecular cloud Sagittarius B using the telescope of the National Science Foundation radio 12 meters Kitt Peak National Observatory.
2003 Discovery of Psamathe
Psamathe, also known as Neptune X, is a retrograde irregular satellite of Neptune. Psamathe was discovered by Scott S. David Sheppard C. Jewitt, in 2003.
2003 Discovery of Mab
Mab is an inner satellite of Uranus. It was discovered by Mark R. Showalter and Jack Lissauer J. in 2003 using the Hubble Space Telescope.
2003 Discovery of Perdita
Perdita is an inner satellite of Uranus. Perdita discovery was complicated. The first photographs were taken of Perdita by Voyager 2 in 1986, but was not recognized on the pictures for more than a decade. In 1999, the moon has been noticed and reported by Erich Karkoschka. But because no additional photos could be taken to confirm its existence, It was officially demoted in 2001. However, in 2003, photos taken by the Hubble Space Telescope was able to pick up an object which was Perdita supposedly finally confirm its existence.
2003 Discovery of Love
Cupid is an inner satellite of Uranus. It was discovered by Mark Showalter and Jack Lissauer J. in 2003 using the Hubble Space Telescope.
2005 Discovery of Hydra
Hydra is the most natural external satellite Pluto. It was discovered at the same time as Nix in June 2005 by the Hubble Space Telescope Pluto Companion Search Team, which consists A. Hal Weaver, Alan Stern, Max J. Mutchler, Andrew J. Steffl, Marc W. Buie, William J. Merline, John R. Spencer, Eliot F. Young, Leslie A. Young.
2005 Discovery Nix
Nix is a natural satellite of Pluto. It was discovered in June 2005 with Hydra by the Hubble Space Telescope Pluto Companion Search Team, composed of Hal A. Weaver, S. Alan Stern, Max J. Mutchler, Andrew J. Steffl, Marc W. Buie, William J. Merline, John R. Spencer, Eliot F. Young, Leslie A. Young.
2007 A discovery of the human genome mapping and changes
The human genome is the genome of Homo sapiens, which is stored on 23 pairs of chromosomes. Considering that lists a genome sequence of the order of all DNA bases in a genome, a genome map identifies the points of reference. A genome map is less detailed than the genome sequence and AIDS in the navigation on the genome. While working at the National Institute of Health, Craig Venter has discovered a technique to rapidly identify all mRNAs present in a cell, and began to use it to identify the genes of the human brain. The cDNA sequence of short fragments discovered by this method are called expressed sequence tags. Thanks to his scientific research to the world a step closer to personalized medicine, Craig Venter was included in Time Magazine in 2007 and 2008 Time 100 list the most influential people in the world.
2007 Discovery of the di-positronium
Di-positronium is a molecule composed of two atoms of positronium. He expected to exist in 1946 by John Archibald Wheeler and subsequently studied theoretically, but has not been observed until 2007 in an experiment by David Cassidy and Allen Mills of the University of California at Riverside.
See also
List of African American inventors and scientists
NASA spinoffs
National Inventors Hall of Fame
Science and Technology U.S. States
Technology and industrial history of the United States
Timeline of inventions in the U.S.
United States Patent and Trademark
Yankee ingenuity
Notes
^ "Chloroform." BBC Radio 4. Http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/science/thematerialworld_20050728.shtml.
^ "Vaseline". Unilever. http://www.unileverusa.com/ourbrands/personalcare/vaseline.asp.
^ "J. Willard Gibbs. American Physical Society. Http://www.aps.org/programs/outreach/history/historicsites/gibbs.cfm.
^ "Under the Moons of Mars". NASA. http://www.nasa.gov/exploration/whyweexplore/Why_We_27_prt.htm.
^ "Images NASA probe Phobos. News from the BBC. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/7340670.stm.
^ "Amalthea". Encyclopaedia Britannica. http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/18395/Amalthea.
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